Illustration from The Game and Playe of the Chesse by Jacobus de Cessolis, c. 1476
Illustration from Teuerdank, Johann Schoensperger, c.1517.
Illustration from De responsione mundiet de astrorum ordinatione, Gunther Zainer, fifteenth century
Nuremburg Chronicles, Anton Koberger, 1493.
-Incunabula meaning “cradle” or “baby linen” was the adopted name for books printed between Gutenburg’s invention of typography in the 1450s.
-Printers met a lot of ressitance from woodcutter’s guilds, such as Gunther Zainer when he wanted to illustrate his books with woodblocks.
-Exemplers: handmade model layouts and manuscript texts used as guides lines for the woodcut illustrations, typesetting, page design, and makeup of books.
-The types for teuerdank, designed by court calligrapher vincenz Rockner, comprised one of the earlist examples of the gothic style known as Fraktur.
-The types designed by Sweynheym and Pannartz marked the first step towards a romanstyle typography based on letterforms that had been developed by italian scribes.
-Printing came to other countries such as France and spain through German printers sent by German import-export firms.
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