Chapter 12 Megg's History of Graphic Design

The London Underground, revised by Edward Johnston, 1918



Poster for the Glasgow Institute of the fine arts, 1895



Frank Llyod Wright, First Chapter opening spread for the house beautiful, 1896-97



Gustav Klimt, Poster for the first Vienna Secession exhibition, 1898

-The work of American architect Frank Lloyd Wright was becoming known to European artists and designers and in 1893 wright started his independent practice



-The studio had a strong influence on a group of Scottish artists Charles Rennie Mackintosh, J. Herbert Mcnair, Margret and Frances Macdonald. They were called the four.

-The designs by the four are distinguished by symbolic imagery and stylized form.

-The vienna Secession, with it’s Sezessionstil came into being on 3 April 1897, when the members of the Kunstlerhaus resigned in protest led by Gustav Klimt.

-Artist, Architect, and designer peter behrens change design in the first decade of the new century, he sought typographic reform, was an early advocate for sans-serifs.

-In 1890 the world’s first electric railway system opened In london

Chapter 10 Megg's History of Graphic design

Title page for wren's City churches, Arthur H. Mackmurdo, 1883



The Essex House Press emblem, Charles R. Ashbee, 1902



Title Page from Publius Terentius Afer, William Pickering, 1822



Title page to the Century guild Hobby Horse, Selwyn image, 1884

-The quality of book designs and production declined during the ninteenth century except for works by William Pickering

-William Morris was the leader of the arts and crafts movement, and John Ruskin writer and artist inspired the philosophy of the movement

-Arthur H. Mackmurdo became inspired by Morris’s ideas and accomplishments. Mackmurdo led a group of designers to establish the Century guild.

-The Century guild Hobby Horse began publication in 1884 as the first printed magazine devoted to the visual arts

-Morris named his first typeface Golden based on the venetion faces designed by Nicholas Jenson 1470

-Morris named his enterprise Kelmscott press, it’s first production was the story of the Glittering plain.

-Architect, designer, jewler, and silversmith Charles R. Ashbee founded the guild of Handicraft

Chapter 9 Megg's History of Graphic Design

Joseph Niepce, Photo etching of an engraving of Cardinal Georges D' Amboise, 1827.



The first steam-powered cylinder press, Friedrich Koenig, 1814



Title page from A specimen of Printing Types, William Caslon and William Caslon 2, 1764



Sarah Bernhardt,F.T Nadar, 1859

-William Caslon was said to be the grandfather of the new typeface revolution

-Darius wells experiemnted with hand carved wooden types, in 1827 invented a lateral router that enabled economical mass manufacture of wood types for displaying prints

-Charles Stanhope produced a printing press that was completely out of cast iron

-John walter 2 commisioned Fedrich Koenig to build a double cylinder steampowered press, capable of printing 1,100 impressions an hour

-The rapid development of the linotype replaced thousands of highly skilled hand-type setters while also creating new jobs

-Joseph Niepce the first frenchman who first produced a photographic image, Louis Jacques Daguerre perfeccted the process.

-John Calvin Moss creaded a feasible photoengraving method

-As the victorian era progressed, the ornate and elaborate was a major influence on typography, Chromolithology was a major inspiration.

Typography Graphic

My Typography timeline, I did two different versions of it because I couldn't decide on an overall look I think both of them need to be tweeked in some way so I will edit them later on in the near future.

Style Wars

"Mr.Seen", by Mr. Seen, 1980s



"Taki 183", Taki, 1970s



"Back on Broadway", 1980s, New York city



"Criminals invading again", 1980s, New York city

-Writers write their name on trains and others places, known as bombing.

-The New York community is divided on whether graffiti is art or just illegal vandalism.

-1970, Graffiti, rapping and break dancing became the culture known as hiphop. The written, the spoken, and the body language.

-Mr. Seen one was one of the best graffiti writers in the area.

-Bombing is more strategic than most people thought, starting with a sketch, an outline, filling in the color and adding details.

-The idea of getting your name up everywhere was invented by a kid named “Taki 183” in the early 1970s.

-Train yards eventually started to paint the trains white, and security fences were put up and guard dogs were placed around the yard.

Video Game Invasion

"Tennis for Two", William Higanbotham, 1958



Magnavox Odyssey, Ralph Baer, 1971



Pong, Allen Alcorn, 1972



Space Invaders, Tomohiro Nishikado, 1978

-First video game was a primitive version of tennis featuring moving dots, created by William Higanbothom.

-By 1966 Television was in every home, this created a buisness opportunity to attach gadets to the Television and created an early version of pong the first gaming system called odyssey 1971.

-1972 Nolan Bushnel used $500 to start his own company Atari, first game enhanced version of Pong and gave the game it’s name.

-Star wars came out ,Space invaders came out 1 year later, first game to introduce a high score.

-Pac Man created by Namco, first time a character was a star of a video game.

-1889 Nintendo came out, 1980 created a game with a story called “Stubborn Gorilla” or Donkey Kong

-Four of Atari’s top developers created own company Activision.

Chapter 11 Megg's History of Graphic Design

L'aureole du midi, Petrole de surete, Jules Cheret, 1893



Poster for Job cigarette papers, Alphonse Mucha, 1898



Exhibition poster, Eugene Grasset, 1894



Portrait of a courtesan, Kitagawa Utamaro, late 1700s

-Increased trade between Asian and European countries caused a cultural collision, aisan art provided European and north american artists with approaches to space, color, conventions and subject matter that were radically different.

-Ukiyo–e “pictures of the floating world” blended emaki with decorative arts, artists embraced the woodblock prints.

-The term art nouveau arose in a paris gallery run by art dealer Samual Bing, which opened in 189. In addition to Japanese art “new art” by European and American artists was displayed and sold there.

-Graphic artists Jues Cheret and Eugene Grasset played important roles in transition from victorian graphics to art nouveau style, including simplified designs and decorative borders framing contents.

-Mucha’s style madea great impression on art nouveau as graphics moved to the floral phase.

Art Nouveau Infographic Final

Mr.Bing and L'Art Nouveau

Le Japon Artistique, Siegfried Bing, 1888-1891



The art nouveau pavilion Siegfried Bing, at the Universal Exhibition in Paris in 1900



Au nouveaux cirque, Louis Tiffany and Toulouse Latrec, 1894-1895



G. to dr. Siegfried Bing, Louis Gonse and Ms. Koechlin, 1899

-When Siegfried Bing we started to find an interest in Japanese art he began to collect and sell it starting with his first auction in 1876

-In 1880 Bing visited Japan for 1 year and afterwards had an exhibition of Japanese prints

-Bing visited America in 1894 and discovered Louis Tiffany, a creator and distributor of stained glass windows, vases, and glasses. Tiffany also founded an art studio

-Bing Remolded his shop called L’Art Nouveau which gave the movement a proper title

-Bing wanted a style that combined traditional style with modern/contemporary. Didn’t want furniture to look mass produced but have the quality and touch of an artist

-Bing set up a pavilion at the world’s fair and was a big success mainly appealing to women

Stephen Fry and the Gutenburg Press

Clip art of Gutenberg one Pull Press





Gutenberg's moveable type Mold



Johannes Gutenberg (how he supposedly looked)



The Gutenberg Bible, Johannes Gutenberg, 1450s



-Johannes Gutenburg, was an engineer, merchant and intellectual

-The Gutenburg Bible was the first book published, and was created using a one pull press

-books were originally hand copied by scribes and were very expensive because of this, and there were mistakes on occasion

-church and universities were very interested in mass producing and spreading certain ideas

-the Gutenburg press was based off the wine press

- Gutenburg chose a secluded place near water to work on his ideas, partially to keep away from competitors and partially to mass produce movable type.

-The type faces were made from a punch, which was copied in copper and molded with molten lead

-Gutenburg started to create his own paper once he realized how expensive vellum was.

Bauhaus: The face of the 20th century

Bauhaus, located in Dessau, founded by Walter Gropius, 1925



Bauhaus exhibition poster, Joost Schmidt, 1923



Metal Teapot, 1924, Marianna Brandt



Weimer Haus am Horn, George Muche, 1923

-Bauhaus was the focal point of many avant-garde ideas, artists tried dealing with life as an asthetic level

-The Bauhaus was founded by Walter Gropies, who longed for the mahcine to be turned for the benefit of the world

-At the Bauhus craft skills were taught by master craftsman while estetics were taught by artist, the bauhus put a lot of emphasis on the “individual” and design.

-Bauhuas did not discriminate between man or women thay were all seen as craftsmen, when too many women applied a lot were encouraged to do pottery/ weaving etc. instead of metal and wood working.

- Products designed in terms of function and mass production.

-Fundamental elements in art were also used in theatre

-1923 bauhaus went public and mounted an exhibition

Art Nouveau Inforgraphic DRAFT

My rough Draft for the Art Nouveau or Bauhaus Infographic, obviously I chose Art nouveau as my subject I'm planning to detail this to look like a stained glass Art Nouveau window and each smaller color piece of glass will have some information progressing down in a time line. I also plan to create some illustrations based on the information that look like stained glass as well, wish me luck! :D